منابع مشابه
On Counterfactuals and Contextuality
Counterfactual reasoning and contextuality is defined and critically evaluated with regard to its nonempirical content. To this end, a uniqueness property of states, explosion views and link observables are introduced. If only a single context associated with a particular maximum set of observables can be operationalized, then a context translation principle resolves measurements of different c...
متن کاملGoodman, 'grue' and Hempel*
It is now commonly accepted that N. Goodman's predicate "grue" presents the theory of confirmation of C. G. Hempel (and other such theories) with grave difficulties. The precise nature and status of these "difficulties" has, however, never been made clear. In this paper it is argued that it is very unlikely that "grue" raises any formal difficulties for Hempel and appearances to the contrary ar...
متن کاملRelativism: Protagoras and Nelson Goodman
پروتاگوراس در یونان باستان و نلسون گودمن در دورۀ جدید دو تن از برجستهترین مدافعان نسبیگرایی به شمار میروند. گاه ممکن است نثر آن دو فریبنده بنماید، و چه بسا این امر شرح و تفسیر منظور و مراد حقیقی آنها را دشوار سازد. پروتاگوراس و گودمن، با وجود برخی تفاوتها، به دفاع از این دیدگاه به ظاهر افراطی میپردازند که همه وقایع، به معنای حقیقی کلمه، وابسته به دیدگاه انسان است. هدف این مقاله شرح و بررسی ...
متن کاملCounterfactuals
Counterfactuals arc a form of commonsense non-monotonic inference that has been of long-term interest to philosophers. In this paper, we begin by describing some of the impact counterfactuals can be exported to have in artif icial intelligence, and by reviewing briefly some of the philosophical conclusions which have been drawn about them. Philosophers have noted that the content of any particu...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Principia: an international journal of epistemology
سال: 2012
ISSN: 1808-1711,1414-4247
DOI: 10.5007/1808-1711.2011v15n3p383